Sentence Connectors (Subordinating Conjunction)
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Dependent
= Independent
SENTENCE CONNECTORS
Connectors
(Marcella Frank, 206) is conjunctions
that are historically derived from other part of speech, particularly from
prepositions. Like prepositions, the conjunctions are members of a small class
that have no characteristic form. They function chiefly as nonmovable structure
words that join such units as parts of speech, phrases, or clauses.
There
are two types of conjunctions, coordinate sand subordinate. Subordinate
conjunctions will be taken up in detail later under the syntactic structures each
one introduces.
A. Coordinate Conjuctions
There are 7 conjunction of coordinate shortly called FANBOYS (For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). Coordinate conjunction is used for compound sentence but it can be use for simple sentence. e.g " I like singing and dancing" (simple sentence).
B. Subordinating
Conjunctions
A
subordinate conjuction (Marcella Frank, 215) introduce a clause that depends on a main, or independent clause. The subordinate conjunction is grammatically
part of the clause it introduces, it is never separated from its clause by a
comma.
Subordinator:
Because
Because of
Unless
As if if
After
Before
Inaddition
Although
However
When
Hence
Whereas
Thus
In the other hand
Since
As
In addition
Even though
On the contrary
Beside
Otherwise
If
Lest
Once
That
Though
Till
Until
When (ever)
Where (ever)
Whereas
While
Etc.
Examples:
1 .
After coming
back from TV one, Aceng Pikri went to metro TV.
2 .
He is jailed because of robbery.
3 .
He acts as if he is a king
4 .
Unless you study
hard, you will pass the exams.
The
sentences with Subordinating Conjunctions
Single –Word Subordinate Conjunctions
After
|
time
|
She never
saw him again after he left town.
|
Although
|
contrast
|
Although he had
never liked mathematics, he decided to take a course in statistic.
|
as
|
time
|
As she was
leaving the house, the mailman arrived with a package.
|
because
|
cause
|
He was
fined because he was spending
|
if
|
condition
|
If the
temperature drops tonight, the lake will freeze over
|
since
|
time
|
He has been
very ill since he had his
accident.
|
cause
|
Since the
weather is so bad outside, why don’t you stay with us overnight?
|
|
Till
|
time
|
Let’s sit
out till the sun sets.
|
unless
|
condition
|
He never
goes to any social function unless
his wife can come with him.
|
until
|
time
|
We’ll wait
inside until the rain stops.
|
Where(ver)
|
place
|
You will
find poverty wherever you go.
|
whereas
|
cause
|
Whereas the rent
for this property has not been paid for four months, the tenant is required
to vacate the premises immediately.
|
contrast
|
He was
very generous, whereas his brother
was quite stingy
|
Archaic
conjunctions
ere
|
time
|
We will
die ere we surrender
|
albeit
|
Contrast
(concessive)
|
Albeit his ordeal
was almost beyond human endurance, he held steadfast to his goal
|
Two-Word Conjunctions
Inasmuch
as
|
cause
|
Inasmuch as no
offer has been made to pay for the damage, our company will have to take this
case to court.
|
But that
|
condition
(expection)
|
But that he needed
money desperately, he would never have turned to his brother for help.
|
Added some
–ed and –ing
granted
(that)
|
contrast
(concessive)
|
Granted that he
was dealt with unjustly, he still should not have killed the man.
|
Assuming
that
|
contrast
(concessive)
|
Assuming that we
consent to the marriage, what can you offer our daughter?
|
Others
as if
|
manner
|
He looks as if he’s very tired.
|
as though
|
manner
|
They’re
spending money as though there’s
no tomorrow.
|
If only
|
condition
|
I could
get more work done if only there
weren’t so much noise.
|
Subordinate Conjuntions Beginning with Prepositional
Phrases
Prepositional
Phrase + As
as far as
|
degree
(extent)
|
As far as I am
concerned, he can do whatever he likes with the money.
|
as (far
so) long as
|
time
|
I’ll
remember you as long as I live.
|
condition
|
So long as we have
no trouble with the car, we should arrive at our destination in four hours.
|
|
cause
|
As long as you’re
gong to the kitchen, get me a ginger ale.
|
Preposition
Phrase + That
in order
that
|
purpose
|
They left
very early in order that they
might arrive before dark.
|
“Split” Conjuntions
Split
conjuntions consist of two parts that
“split” around an adjective, adverb, noun or pronoun. Some grammarians consider
the first part as an adverb and only the second part as the conjuntion.
so ....
that
|
result
|
He was
injured so badly that he had to go
to the hospital.
(That may be omitted in informal speech) |
||||
such (a )
.... that
|
result
|
It was such a rainy night that they decided
to stay at home.
(That may be omitted in informal speech) |
||||
 as as
or so
 -er
less
|
degree
(comparison)
degree
(comparison)
|
He works as hard as his brother does.
We are having a
colder winter this year than we had last year.
He is a more
( or less) dilligent student than his cousin his.
|
Coordinating
Conjunctions- Subordinating Conjunctions ( Complex-Compound)
Example:
1 . After
setting a tend, he want to set fire, and got some meal.
2 .
Although
I like go to camping, I haven’t had time to go lately, and I haven’t
found anyone to go.
3 .
We decide that the movie was too
violent, but our children, who likes to watch scary movies, thought that we were wrong.
4 .
If
Barack Obama is re-elected this November, he’ll sereve another four years, but
it won’t be an easy contest to win.
5 . Even
though he prefers to eat with a fork, he chooses to use
chopsticks in Chinese restaurant; however, they aren’t easy to use.
Analyze Sentences Consisting of
Subordinating Conjunctions.
1. Whenever I go, I try to see something I’ve seen
before.
2.
Whether or not you agree, I think it looks fine.
3.
While I’m there, I play music on a jukebox.
4.How is it that even though you go there at the
time, you’ve never
noticed that before?
5.Though I’m flexible, I draw the line about that.
6.Even if it is true, I’ll forgive him.
7. He is jailed because of robbery.
8.Ever since I met her, I haven’t been able to think anything else.
9.Because I’ve been there before, I’d rather go somewhere else.
10.Before I saw the house, I was ready to just rent an apartment.
11.Unless you’re willing to wait, you’ll have to come back tomorrow.
12.Until we find it, we can’t leave.
13.So that I’m sure I understand you, please repeat what you said.
14.Where I go, they always have sales.
15.Although I’d rather not, I’ll make an exception.
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References:
1. Frank, Marcella. (1972).Modern English .
New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
2.
No name.
(-). The Analyze of Subordinating Conjunctions. [online].
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